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1.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 78(3): 153-158, jul.-sept.2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-781625

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento moral se desarrolló en Europa a fines del siglo XVIII, como una ideología que planteaba un trato humanitario hacia el enfermo mental, oponiéndose a los métodos brutalmente coercitivos habituales hasta ese entonces. En el Perú fue José Casimiro Ulloa el introductor de aquellas ideas, al denunciar la deplorable situación de las loquerías de los hospitales San Andrés y Santa Ana, lo que llevó a la fundación del Hospital Civil de la Misericordia en 1859. En el nuevo establecimiento se intentó llevar a cabo una reforma de la asistencia manicomial, pero con el paso de los años el local resultó estrecho para la creciente población. La inauguración del Asilo Colonia de la Magdalena en 1918 significó una nueva esperanza para quienes seguían abogando por un buen trato hacia los enfermos mentales. Lamentablemente la historia de hacinamiento y malos tratos se repetiría en el nuevo hospital en las siguientes décadas...


Moral treatment was developed in Europe in the late XVIII century as an ideology that proposed a humane treatment of the mentally ill, opposed to the coercive methods usual until then. In Peru José Casimiro Ulloa was the introducer of those ideas, to denounce the deplorable situation of ôloqueríasõ of San Andres and Santa Ana hospitals, which led to the foundation of Hospital Civil de la Misericordia in 1859. In the new hospital, a reform from asylum system was attempted, but over the years the place was cramped for the growing population. The inauguration of Asilo Colonia de la Magdalena in 1918 meant a new hope for those who were advocating a good treatment of the mentally ill. Unfortunately the history of overcrowding and mistreatment would be repeated in the new hospital in the following decades...


Subject(s)
Humans , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Hospitals, Psychiatric/history , Hospitals, Psychiatric/ethics , Peru
2.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 21(1): 47-64, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-586047

ABSTRACT

A crise, considerada a expressão da doença psíquica, refere-se a situações em que, no curso do desenvolvimento de vida, ocorrem vivências conflitivas que geram rupturas com a realidade socialmente aceita e com os laços afetivos que sustentam a pessoa. Esta pesquisa objetiva conhecer os sentidos presentes nas práticas discursivas dos profissionais acerca da atenção à crise nos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS). Caracteriza-se por uma abordagem qualitativa que utiliza a perspectiva teórica do Construcionismo Social. Os dados utilizados fazem parte do banco de dados da pesquisa Avaliação dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial da Região Sul do Brasil (CAPSUL). No presente estudo, analisamos 27 entrevistas realizadas com profissionais do Centro de Atenção Psicossocial de Alegrete e três diários de campo com o registro de 390 horas de observação. A análise dos dados identificou sentidos - periculosidade e cidadania - que foram discutidos na busca de compreender sua influência na construção de práticas de atenção à crise.


The crisis, considered the expression of mental illness, refers to situations in which, during the development of life, there are conflicting experiences that generate ruptures with the socially accepted reality and the emotional ties that sustain the person. This study aims at getting to know the meanings present in the discursive practices of professionals concerning the attention to the crisis in the Psychosocial Healthcare Centers (CAPS). It is characterized by a qualitative approach that uses the theoretical perspective of social constructionism. The data used are part of the database research Evaluation of Psychosocial Healthcare Centers in Southern part of Brazil - CAPSUL. In this study, 27 interviews with professionals from the Psychosocial Healthcare Center of Alegrete city and three field diaries with the record of 390 observation hours were analyzed. Data analysis identified the meanings - periculosity and citizenship - which were discussed in an attempt to understand their influence on the construction of attention practices to the crisis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychiatric Nursing/ethics , Hospitals, Psychiatric/ethics , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Hospitals, Psychiatric/trends , Health Personnel/ethics , Deinstitutionalization/ethics , Deinstitutionalization/history , Deinstitutionalization/trends , Social Control Policies/ethics , Social Control Policies/history , Social Control Policies/trends , Psychotropic Drugs/pharmacology , Community Mental Health Services/ethics , Community Mental Health Services , Mental Health Services/ethics , Mental Health Services , Mental Health Services/trends
3.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 19(1): 173-187, 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-525980

ABSTRACT

Com uma obra que trouxe inegáveis contribuições, Goffman inovou a pesquisa etnográfica nos estudos socioantropológicos. Esta marca pode ser observada desde os seus primeiros trabalhos nos quais aborda a apresentação do self na vida diária, os manicômios, o estigma e são, por sinal, aqueles que mais referências receberam nos estudos sociais sobre a doença, instituições e práticas de saúde. Neste artigo são analisadas essas contribuições e a importância que tiveram para a construção da sociologia da saúde. O texto destaca alguns conceitos que se tornaram fundamentais para os estudos sociológicos da doença e do paciente, como carreira do paciente, instituição total, interação estratégica e organizações formais instrumentais.


Author of a work with undeniable contributions, Goffman brought innovation to ethnographic research in socio-anthropological studies. This characteristic may be already observed in his first works - where he approaches the presentation of 'self' in daily life, asylums, and stigma -, which are those more cited in social studies about the disease, institutions and health practices. This study analyzes these contributions and their importance for the development of the field of health sociology. The text highlights some concepts considered fundamental for sociological studies on the disease and the patient, such as the patient's career, the whole institution, the strategic interaction, and instrumental formal organizations.


Subject(s)
Social Sciences/education , Social Sciences/ethics , Hospitals, Psychiatric/ethics , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Hospitals, Psychiatric/trends , Stereotyping , Sociology, Medical/education , Sociology, Medical/ethics , Sociology, Medical/history , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/ethnology , Patient Acceptance of Health Care/psychology , Hospital Care , Humanization of Assistance
4.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 17(2): 265-287, 2007.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-467855

ABSTRACT

O artigo discute os modos de subjetivação dos trabalhadores de saúde mental no contexto da Reforma Psiquiátrica. A partir da revisão da literatura, da análise de documentos e de 40 entrevistas com trabalhadores de serviços de saúde mental, busca analisar, por meio da utilização das ferramentas teóricas construídas por Michel Foucault, os jogos de verdades e os desafios e dificuldades presentes na implementação dos princípios da Reforma Psiquiátrica. Aponta para o jogo político e a disputa em torno das verdades sobre as formas de atenção, assim como para a necessidade de reflexão permanente com relação às formas de implicação com o trabalho como forma de evitar o adoecimento dos trabalhadores.


The article discusses the modes of subjectification of mental health workers in the context of the Psychiatric Reform. Based on the scientific literature review, document analysis and 40 interviews with mental health services workers, we intended to analyze, using the theoretical tools constructed by Michel Foucault, the truth games, challenges and difficulties present in the implementation of Psychiatric Reform's principles. We describe the political games and the dispute around the truth about the forms of health attention, as well as the need of permanent reflexive attitude towards work implication in order to avoid occupational diseases on workers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Community Psychiatry/ethics , Community Psychiatry , Community Psychiatry/trends , Psychiatry/ethics , Psychiatry/history , Psychiatry , Mental Health/history , Deinstitutionalization/ethics , Deinstitutionalization/methods , Deinstitutionalization , Deinstitutionalization/trends , Hospitals, Psychiatric/ethics , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Hospitals, Psychiatric/trends , Health Care Reform/economics , Health Care Reform/ethics , Health Care Reform/trends , Mental Health Services/ethics , Mental Health Services/organization & administration
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